Tafsir

Allah emphasizes the enmity that the hypocrites have for the Prophet

If a blessing, such as victory and triumph over the enemies, is given to the Prophet , thus pleasing him and his Companions, it grieves the hypocrites, وَإِن تُصِبْكَ مُصِيبَةٌ يَقُولُواْ قَدْ أَخَذْنَا أَمْرَنَا مِن قَبْلُ(but if a calamity overtakes you, they say: "We took our precaution beforehand,"), they say, we took precautions when we did not join him, وَيَتَوَلَّواْ وَّهُمْ فَرِحُونَ(and they turn away rejoicing.) Allah directed His Prophet to reply to the perfect enmity they have towards him, قُلْ(Say), to them, لَّن يُصِيبَنَآ إِلاَّ مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَنَا(Nothing shall ever happen to us except what Allah has ordained for us.) for we are under His control and decree, هُوَ مَوْلَـنَا(He is our Mawla.), Master and protector, وَعَلَى اللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ(And in Allah let the believers put their trust) 9:51, and we trust in Him. Verily, He is sufficient for us and what an excellent guardian.

In the eighth verse (50), yet another aspect of their low nature has been mentioned by saying that, though these people live among Muslims giving the outward impression that they are one of them, but they are soon exposed by their inner reactions to what happens to the Holy Prophet ﷺ . The text illustrates it by saying: إِن تُصِبْكَ حَسَنَةٌ تَسُؤْهُمْ (If some good comes to you, it annoys them) and: وَإِن تُصِبْكَ مُصِيبَةٌ يَقُولُوا قَدْ أَخَذْنَا أَمْرَ‌نَا مِن قَبْلُ وَيَتَوَلَّوا وَّهُمْ فَرِ‌حُونَ (and if some suffering visits you, they say, "We had already taken care of our problem" ). They would take it as expedient in their favour that they did not go along with Muslims and found the results satisfying enough to go away delighted.

إن يصبك -أيها النبي- سرور وغنيمة يحزن المنافقون، وإن يلحق بك مكروه من هزيمة أو شدة يقولوا: نحن أصحاب رأي وتدبير قد احتطنا لأنفسنا بتخلفنا عن محمد، وينصرفوا وهم مسرورون بما صنعوا وبما أصابك من السوء.

يعلم تبارك وتعالى نبيه بعداوة هؤلاء له ؛ لأنه مهما أصابه من ( حسنة ) أي : فتح ونصر وظفر على الأعداء ، مما يسره ويسر أصحابه ، ساءهم ذلك ، ( وإن تصبك مصيبة يقولوا قد أخذنا أمرنا من قبل ) أي : قد احترزنا من متابعته من قبل هذا ، ( ويتولوا وهم فرحون )