Tafsir

The Prohibition of Shirk, the Order for Tawhid, and the Evidence

Allah says, `say, O Muhammad, to these idolators, that Allah forbids them to worship anyone, such as these idols and false gods, except Him.' Allah explains that no one apart from Him is deserving of worship, as He says:هُوَ الَّذِى خَلَقَكُمْ مِّن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ مِن نُّطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ عَلَقَةٍ ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُكُمْ طِفْلاً ثُمَّ لِتَـبْلُغُواْ أَشُدَّكُـمْ ثُمَّ لِتَكُـونُواْ شُيُوخاً(It is He, Who has created you from dust, then from a Nutfah then from a clot (a piece of coagulated blood), then brings you forth as an infant, then (makes you grow) to reach the age of full strength, and afterwards to be old.) meaning, He is the One Who Alone, with no partner or associate, causes you to pass through these different stages, and this happens in accordance with His command, will and decree.وَمِنكُمْ مَّن يُتَوَفَّى مِن قَبْلُ(though some among you die before) means, before being fully formed and emerging to this world; so his mother miscarries him.

And there are some who die in infancy or in their youth, or when they are adults but before they reach old age, as Allah says:لِّنُبَيِّنَ لَكُمْ وَنُقِرُّ فِى الاٌّرْحَامِ مَا نَشَآءُ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى(that We may make (it) clear to you. And We cause whom We will to remain in the wombs for an appointed term) (22:5).وَلِتَبْلُغُواْ أَجَلاً مُّسَمًّى وَلَعَلَّـكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ(and that you reach an appointed term in order that you may understand. ) Ibn Jurayj said, "In order that you may remember the Resurrection." Then Allah says:هُوَ الَّذِى يُحْىِ وَيُمِيتُ(It is He Who gives life and causes death.) meaning, He is the Only One Who does that, and none is able to do that except He.فَإِذَا قَضَى أَمْراً فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُن فيَكُونُ(And when He decides upon a thing He says to it only: "Be!" -- and it is.) means, He cannot be opposed or resisted. Whatever He wills definitely comes to pass.

In verse 64, it was said: وَصَوَّرَ‌كُمْ فَأَحْسَنَ صُوَرَ‌كُمْ (and shaped you, and made your shapes so good -). Allah Ta’ ala has blessed the human person with the most distinct, superior and better-balanced form and shape out of all animals. He was given reason. He was given such hands and feet that he could get together materials to make things for his needs and comfort. Then, his eating and drinking is different, rather far distinct from common animals. They eat or graze or drink directly with their mouth. He uses hands. Common animals eat singles. Some eat meat, others eat grass or leaves, that too in singles. Contrary to that, man eats by combining different things like meat, vegetables, spices, herbs and fruits. He eats by making his food taste good. His culinary creativity knows no bounds when he would take a single fruit from nature, and turn it into all sorts of delicious eatables like pies, fruit cakes, jams, preserves and chutneys. فَتَبَارَ‌كَ اللَّـهُ رَ‌بُّ الْعَالَمِينَ (Blessed is Allah, the Best Creator).

هو الله الذي خلق أباكم آدم من تراب، ثم أوجدكم من المنيِّ بقدرته، وبعد ذلك تنتقلون إلى طور الدم الغليظ الأحمر، ثم تجري عليكم أطوار متعددة في الأرحام، إلى أن تولدوا أطفالا صغارًا، ثم تقوى بِنْيَتُكم إلى أن تصيروا شيوخًا، ومنكم من يموت قبل ذلك، ولتبلغوا بهذه الأطوار المقدَّرة أجلا مسمى تنتهي عنده أعماركم، ولعلكم تعقلون حجج الله عليكم بذلك، وتتدبرون آياته، فتعرفون أنه لا إله غيره يفعل ذلك، وأنه الذي لا تنبغي العبادة إلا له.

( هو الذي خلقكم من تراب ثم من نطفة ثم من علقة ثم يخرجكم طفلا ثم لتبلغوا أشدكم ثم لتكونوا شيوخا ) أي : هو الذي يقلبكم في هذه الأطوار كلها ، وحده لا شريك له ، وعن أمره وتدبيره وتقديره يكون ذلك كله ، ( ومنكم من يتوفى من قبل ) أي : من قبل أن يوجد ويخرج إلى هذا العالم ، بل تسقطه أمه سقطا ، ومنهم من يتوفى صغيرا ، وشابا ، وكهلا قبل الشيخوخة ، كقوله : ( لنبين لكم ونقر في الأرحام ما نشاء إلى أجل مسمى ) [ الحج : 5 ] وقال هاهنا : ( ولعلكم تعقلون ) قال ابن جريج ، تتذكرون البعث .