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13 Jumada al-awwal 1448 AH Saturday, 24 October 2026
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An-Nisa 4:40

Word by word

إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ ۖ وَإِن تَكُ حَسَنَةً يُضَـٰعِفْهَا وَيُؤْتِ مِن لَّدُنْهُ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا

Indeed, Allāh does not do injustice, [even] as much as an atom's weight; while if there is a good deed, He multiplies it and gives from Himself a great reward.

Ibn Kathir (Abridged)

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

Allah Wrongs Not Even the Weight of a Speck of Dust

Allah states that He does not treat any of His servants with injustice on the Day of Resurrection, be it the weight of a mustard seed or a speck of dust. Rather, Allah shall reward them for this action and multiply it, if it were a good deed. For instance, Allah said,وَنَضَعُ الْمَوَزِينَ الْقِسْطَ(And We shall set up balances of justice) Allah said that Luqman said,يبُنَىَّ إِنَّهَآ إِن تَكُ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِّنْ خَرْدَلٍ فَتَكُنْ فِى صَخْرَةٍ أَوْ فِى السَّمَـوَتِ أَوْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ يَأْتِ بِهَا اللَّهُ(O my son! If it be (anything) equal to the weight of a mustard seed, and though it be in a rock, or in the heavens or in the earth, Allah will bring it forth). Allah said,يَوْمَئِذٍ يَصْدُرُ النَّاسُ أَشْتَاتاً لِّيُرَوْاْ أَعْمَـلَهُمْ - فَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْراً يَرَهُ - وَمَن يَعْـمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرّاً يَرَهُ(That Day mankind will proceed in scattered groups that they may be shown their deeds. So whosoever does good equal to the weight of a speck of dust shall see it.

And whosoever does evil equal to the weight of a speck of dust shall see it.) The Two Sahihs recorded the long Hadith about the intercession that Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri narrated, and in which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,«فَيَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: ارْجِعُوا، فَمَنْ وَجَدْتُمْ فِي قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةِ خَرْدَلٍ مِنْ إِيمَانٍ، فَأَخْرِجُوهُ مِنَ النَّار»(Allah then says, "Go back, and take out of the Fire everyone in whose heart you find the weight of a mustard seed of faith") In another narration, Allah says, وفي لفظ:«أَدْنَى أَدْنَى أَدْنَى مِثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ إِيمَانٍ، فَأَخْرِجُوهُ مِنَ النَّارِ، فَيُخْرِجُونَ خَلْقًا كَثِيرًا»("Whosoever had the least, least, least speck of faith, take him out of the Fire," and they will take out many people.) Abu Sa`id then said, "Read, if you will,إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَظْلِمُ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ(Surely! Allah wrongs not even of the weight of a speck of dust)."Will Punishment be Diminished for the Disbelievers

Sa`id bin Jubayr commented about Allah's statement,وَإِن تَكُ حَسَنَةً يُضَـعِفْهَا(but if there is any good (done), He doubles it,) "As for the disbeliever, his punishment will be lessened for him on the Day of Resurrection, but he will never depart the Fire." He used as evidence the authentic Hadith in which Al-`Abbas said, "O Messenger of Allah! Your uncle Abu Talib used to protect and support you, did you benefit him at all" The Messenger ﷺ said,«نَعَمْ هُوَ فِي ضَحْضَاحٍ مِنْ نَارٍ، وَلَوْلَا أَنَا، لَكَانَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الْأَسْفَلِ مِنَ النَّار»(Yes. He is in a shallow area in Hell-fire, and were it not for me, he would have been in the deepest depths of the Fire.) However, this Hadith only applies to Abu Talib, not the rest of the disbelievers.

To support this, we mention what Abu Dawud At-Tayalisi recorded in his Musnad that Anas said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,«إِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ الْمُؤْمِنَ حَسَنَةً، يُثَابُ عَلَيْهَا الرِّزْقَ فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَيُجْزَى بِهَا فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَأَمَّا الْكَافِرُ فَيُطْعَمُ بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا، فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ حَسَنَة»(Allah does not wrong the faithful even concerning one good action, for he will be rewarded for it by provision in this life and awarded for it in the Hereafter. As for the disbeliever, he will be provided provision in this life for his good action, and on the Day of Resurrection, he will not have any good deed.)What Does `Great Reward' Mean

Abu Hurayrah, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak said that Allah's statement,وَيُؤْتِ مِن لَّدُنْهُ أَجْراً عَظِيماً(and gives from Him a great reward.) refers to Paradise. We ask Allah for His pleasure and Paradise. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Abu `Uthman An-Nahdi said, "No other person accompanied Abu Hurayrah more than I. One year, he went to Hajj before me, and I found the people of Al-Basrah saying that he narrated that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying,«إِنَّ اللهَ يُضَاعِفُ الْحَسَنَةَ أَلْفَ أَلْفِ حَسَنَة»(Allah rewards the good deed with a million deeds.) So I said, `Woe to you! No person accompanied Abu Hurayrah more than I, and I never heard him narrate this Hadith!' When I wanted to meet him, I found that he had left for Hajj so I followed him to Hajj to ask him about this Hadith." Ibn Abi Hatim also recorded this Hadith using another chain of narration leading to Abu `Uthman. In this narration, Abu `Uthman said, "I said, `O Abu Hurayrah!

I heard my brethren in Al-Basrah claim that you narrated that you heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying,«إِنَّ اللهَ يَجْزِي بِالْحَسَنَةِ أَلْفَ أَلْفِ حَسَنَة»(Allah rewards the good deed with a million deeds.) Abu Hurayrah said, `By Allah! I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying,«إِنَّ اللهَ يَجْزِي بِالْحَسَنَةِ أَلْفَيْ أَلْفِ حَسَنَة»(Allah rewards the good deed with two million deeds.) He then recited this Ayah,فَمَا مَتَاعُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا فِى الاٌّخِرَةِ إِلاَّ قَلِيلٌ(But little is the enjoyment of the life of this world as compared to the Hereafter)."Our Prophet will be a Witness Against, or For his Ummah on the Dayof Resurrection, When the Disbelievers Will Wish for Death

Allah said,فَكَيْفَ إِذَا جِئْنَا مِن كُلِّ أمَّةٍ بِشَهِيدٍ وَجِئْنَا بِكَ عَلَى هَـؤُلاءِ شَهِيداً(How (will it be) then, when We bring from each nation a witness and We bring you (O Muhammad) as a witness against these people) Allah describes the horrors, hardships and difficulties of the Day of Resurrection, saying, how would it be on that Day when there will be a witness from every nation, meaning the Prophets, just as Allah said;وَأَشْرَقَتِ الاٌّرْضُ بِنُورِ رَبِّهَا وَوُضِعَ الْكِتَـبُ وَجِـىءَ بِالنَّبِيِّيْنَ وَالشُّهَدَآءِ(And the earth will shine with the light of its Lord, and the Book will be placed (open); and the Prophets and the witnesses will be brought forward), and,وَيَوْمَ نَبْعَثُ فِى كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ شَهِيدًا عَلَيْهِمْ مِّنْ أَنفُسِهِمْ(And (remember) the Day when We shall raise up from every nation a witness against them from amongst themselves). Al-Bukhari recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, `Recite to me.' I said, `O Messenger of Allah!

Should I recite (the Qur'an) to you, while it was revealed to you' He said, `Yes, for I like to hear it from other people.' I recited Surat An-Nisa' until I reached this Ayah,فَكَيْفَ إِذَا جِئْنَا مِن كُلِّ أمَّةٍ بِشَهِيدٍ وَجِئْنَا بِكَ عَلَى هَـؤُلاءِ شَهِيداً(How (will it be) then, when We bring from each nation a witness and We bring you (O Muhammad) as a witness against these people) He then said, `Stop now.' I found that his eyes were tearful." Allah's statement,يَوْمَئِذٍ يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَعَصَوُاْ الرَّسُولَ لَوْ تُسَوَّى بِهِمُ الاٌّرْضُ وَلاَ يَكْتُمُونَ اللَّهَ حَدِيثاً(On that day those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger will wish that they were buried in the earth, but they will never be able to hide a single fact from Allah.) means, they will wish that the earth would open up and swallow them because of the horror of the gathering place and the disgrace, dishonor and humiliation they will suffer on that Day.

This is similar to Allah's statement,يَوْمَ يَنظُرُ الْمَرْءُ مَا قَدَّمَتْ يَدَاهُ(The Day when man will see that (the deeds) which his hands have sent forth) Allah then said,وَلاَ يَكْتُمُونَ اللَّهَ حَدِيثاً(but they will never be able to hide a single fact from Allah.) indicating that they will admit to everything they did and will not hide any of it.

`Abdur-Razzaq recorded that Sa`id bin Jubayr said, "A man came to Ibn `Abbas and said to him, `There are things that confuse me in the Qur'an.' Ibn `Abbas said, `What things do you have doubts about in the Qur'an' He said, `Not doubts, but rather confusing things.' Ibn `Abbas said, `Tell me what caused you confusion.' He said, `I hear Allah's statement,ثُمَّ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَتُهُمْ إِلاَّ أَن قَالُواْ وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ(There will then be no test for them but to say: "By Allah, our Lord, we were not those who joined others in worship with Allah.") but He also says,وَلاَ يَكْتُمُونَ اللَّهَ حَدِيثاً(but they will never be able to hide a single fact from Allah.) They have indeed hid something.' Ibn `Abbas said, `As for Allah's statement,ثُمَّ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَتُهُمْ إِلاَّ أَن قَالُواْ وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ(There will then be no test for them but to say: "By Allah, our Lord, we were not those who joined others in worship with Allah."), when they see that on the Day of Resurrection that Allah does not forgive, except for the people of Islam, and that He forgives the sins, no matter how big they are, except Shirk, then the Mushriks will lie.

They will say,وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ("By Allah, our Lord, we were not those who joined others in worship with Allah."), hoping that Allah will forgive them. However, Allah will then seal their mouths, and their hands and feet will disclose what they used to do. Then,يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَعَصَوُاْ الرَّسُولَ لَوْ تُسَوَّى بِهِمُ الاٌّرْضُ وَلاَ يَكْتُمُونَ اللَّهَ حَدِيثاً(those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger will wish that they were buried in the earth, but they will never be able to hide a single fact from Allah. )"'

Ma'arif al-Qur'an

Mufti Muhammad Shafi

The text, then, says: إِنَّ اللَّـهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّ‌ةٍ , (40), that is, Allah Almighty does not allow the reward of good deeds from anyone be reduced in any manner or quantity whatsoever. In fact, He adds extra rewards, in multiples, in special Divine favours, and the life of Akhirah will witness this supreme mercy of the Lord.

With Allah, the least human measure of thawab or reward is that one good deed gets recorded as ten. Then, this does not stop at that; through sheer mercy and grace, Allah bestows manifold increase into this treasure of good deeds. Some hadith narrations tell us that there are deeds the reward for which rises as high as two million times. The truth of the matter is that Allah is al-Karim, the most-noble, the most-generous - He Himself, in His limitless mercy and grace, so increases the quantum of his blessing on His servants that it simply cannot be counted or measured in our human terms. The extents of His generosity and the dimensions of His very Being are beyond human conceptualization - who can dare calculate the incalculable?

Incidentally, the word, ذَرَّ‌ةٍ : dharrah" appearing in this verse has been translated here as 'particle' following the generally recognized meaning it carries. However, some commentators have pointed out that 'dharrah' is the name of the smallest kind of red ant which the people of Arabia used to cite as an example of something very light and insignificantly small.

Tafsir Muyassar

Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Saudi Arabia

إن الله تعالى لا ينقص أحدًا من جزاء عمله مقدار ذرة، وإن تكن زنة الذرة حسنة فإنه سبحانه يزيدها ويكثرها لصاحبها، ويتفضل عليه بالمزيد، فيعطيه من عنده ثوابًا كبيرًا هو الجنة.

Tafsir Ibn Kathir

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

يخبر تعالى أنه لا يظلم عبدا من عباده يوم القيامة مثقال حبة خردل ولا مثقال ذرة ، بل يوفيها به ويضاعفها له إن كانت حسنة ، كما قال تعالى ( ونضع الموازين القسط [ ليوم القيامة فلا تظلم نفس شيئا وإن كان مثقال حبة من خردل أتينا بها وكفى بنا حاسبين ] ) [ الأنبياء : 47 ] وقال تعالى مخبرا عن لقمان أنه قال : ( يا بني إنها إن تك مثقال حبة من خردل فتكن في صخرة أو في السماوات أو في الأرض يأت بها الله [ إن الله لطيف خبير ] ) [ لقمان : 16 ] وقال تعالى : ( يومئذ يصدر الناس أشتاتا ليروا أعمالهم . فمن يعمل مثقال ذرة خيرا يره . ومن يعمل مثقال ذرة شرا يره )وفي الصحيحين ، من حديث زيد بن أسلم ، عن عطاء بن يسار ، عن أبي سعيد الخدري ، عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في حديث الشفاعة الطويل ، وفيه : فيقول الله عز وجل : " ارجعوا ، فمن وجدتم في قلبه مثقال حبة خردل من إيمان ، فأخرجوه من النار " .

وفي لفظ : " أدنى أدنى أدنى مثقال ذرة من إيمان فأخرجوه من النار ، فيخرجون خلقا كثيرا " ثم يقول أبو سعيد : اقرؤوا إن شئتم : ( إن الله لا يظلم مثقال ذرة [ وإن تك حسنة يضاعفها ويؤت من لدنه أجرا عظيما ] ) .وقال ابن أبي حاتم : حدثنا أبو سعيد الأشج ، حدثنا عيسى بن يونس ، عن هارون بن عنترة عن عبد الله بن السائب ، عن زاذان قال : قال عبد الله بن مسعود : يؤتى بالعبد والأمة يوم القيامة ، فينادي مناد على رؤوس الأولين والآخرين : هذا فلان بن فلان ، من كان له حق فليأت إلى حقه . فتفرح المرأة أن يكون لها الحق على أبيها أو أخيها أو زوجها . ثم قرأ : ( فلا أنساب بينهم يومئذ ولا يتساءلون ) [ المؤمنون : 101 ] فيغفر الله من حقه ما يشاء ، ولا يغفر من حقوق الناس شيئا ، فينصب للناس فينادى : هذا فلان بن فلان ، من كان له حق فليأت إلى حقه . فيقول : رب ، فنيت الدنيا ، من أين أوتيهم حقوقهم ؟ قال : خذوا من أعماله الصالحة ، فأعطوا كل ذي حق حقه بقدر طلبته فإن كان وليا لله ففضل له مثقال ذرة ، ضاعفها الله له حتى يدخله بها الجنة ، ثم قرأ علينا : ( إن الله لا يظلم مثقال ذرة وإن تك حسنة يضاعفها ) قال : ادخل الجنة ; وإن كان عبدا شقيا قال الملك : رب فنيت حسناته ، وبقي طالبون كثير ؟

فيقول : خذوا من سيئاتهم فأضيفوها إلى سيئاته ، ثم صكوا له صكا إلى النار .ورواه ابن جرير من وجه آخر ، عن زاذان - به نحوه . ولبعض هذا الأثر شاهد في الحديث الصحيح .وقال ابن أبي حاتم : حدثنا أبي ، حدثنا أبو نعيم ، حدثنا فضيل - يعني ابن مرزوق - عن عطية العوفي ، حدثني عبد الله بن عمر قال : نزلت هذه الآية في الأعراب : ( من جاء بالحسنة فله عشر أمثالها ) [ الأنعام : 160 ] قال رجل : فما للمهاجرين يا أبا عبد الرحمن ؟ قال : ما هو أفضل من ذلك : ( إن الله لا يظلم مثقال ذرة وإن تك حسنة يضاعفها ويؤت من لدنه أجرا عظيما ) .وحدثنا أبو زرعة ، حدثنا يحيى بن عبد الله بن بكير ، حدثني عبد الله بن لهيعة ، حدثني عطاء بن دينار ، عن سعيد بن جبير في قوله ( وإن تك حسنة يضاعفها ) فأما المشرك فيخفف عنه العذاب يوم القيامة ، ولا يخرج من النار أبدا . وقد استدل له بالحديث الصحيح أن العباس قال : يا رسول الله ، إن أبا طالب كان يحوطك وينصرك فهل نفعته بشيء ؟

قال : " نعم هو في ضحضاح من نار ، ولولا أنا لكان في الدرك من النار " .وقد يكون هذا خاصا بأبي طالب من دون الكفار ، بدليل ما رواه أبو داود الطيالسي في سننه حدثنا عمران ، حدثنا قتادة ، عن أنس أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال : " إن الله لا يظلم المؤمن حسنة ، يثاب عليها الرزق في الدنيا ويجزى بها في الآخرة ، وأما الكافر فيطعم بها في الدنيا ، فإذا كان يوم القيامة لم يكن له حسنة " .وقال أبو هريرة ، وعكرمة ، وسعيد بن جبير ، والحسن وقتادة والضحاك ، في قوله : ( ويؤت من لدنه أجرا عظيما ) يعني : الجنة .وقال الإمام أحمد : حدثنا عبد الصمد ، حدثنا سليمان - يعني ابن المغيرة - عن علي بن زيد ، عن أبي عثمان قال : بلغني عن أبي هريرة أنه قال : بلغني أن الله تعالى يعطي عبده المؤمن بالحسنة الواحدة ألف ألف حسنة .

قال : فقضي أني انطلقت حاجا أو معتمرا ، فلقيته فقلت : بلغني عنك حديث أنك تقول : سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول : " إن الله يعطى عبده المؤمن بالحسنة ألف ألف حسنة " قال أبو هريرة : لا بل سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول : " إن الله عز وجل يعطيه ألفي ألف حسنة " ثم تلا ( يضاعفها ويؤت من لدنه أجرا عظيما ) فمن يقدره قدره .رواه الإمام أحمد فقال : حدثنا يزيد ، حدثنا مبارك بن فضالة ، عن علي بن زيد ، عن أبي عثمان قال : أتيت أبا هريرة فقلت له : بلغني أنك تقول : إن الحسنة تضاعف ألف ألف حسنة ؟ قال : وما أعجبك من ذلك ؟ فوالله لقد سمعت - يعني النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم - كذا قال أبي - يقول : " إن الله ليضاعف الحسنة ألفي ألف حسنة " .علي بن زيد في أحاديثه نكارة ، فالله أعلم .

Tafsir is provided for educational reference. Paragraph breaks are added for readability — the wording of each commentary is unchanged. For religious guidance, consult a qualified scholar.