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13 Jumada al-awwal 1448 AH Saturday, 24 October 2026
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Tafsir

Scholarly commentary explaining a verse — its context, its meaning and how the scholars have understood it.

An-Naml 27:61

Word by word

أَمَّن جَعَلَ ٱلْأَرْضَ قَرَارًا وَجَعَلَ خِلَـٰلَهَآ أَنْهَـٰرًا وَجَعَلَ لَهَا رَوَٰسِىَ وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَ ٱلْبَحْرَيْنِ حَاجِزًا ۗ أَءِلَـٰهٌ مَّعَ ٱللَّهِ ۚ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

Is He [not best] who made the earth a stable ground and placed within it rivers and made for it firmly set mountains and placed between the two seas a barrier? Is there a deity with Allāh? [No], but most of them do not know.

Ibn Kathir (Abridged)

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

أَمَّن جَعَلَ الاٌّرْضَ قَرَاراً(Is not He Who has made the earth as a fixed abode,) meaning, stable and stationary, so that it does not move or convulse, because if it were to do so, it would not be a good place for people to live on. But by His grace and mercy, He has made it smooth and calm, and it is not shaken or moved. This is like the Ayah,اللَّهُ الَّذِى جَعَـلَ لَكُـمُ الاٌّرْضَ قَـرَاراً وَالسَّمَآءَ بِنَـآءً(Allah, Who has made for you the earth as a dwelling place and the sky as a canopy) (40:64).وَجَعَلَ خِلاَلَهَآ أَنْهَاراً(and has placed rivers in its midst,) means, He has placed rivers which are fresh and sweet, cutting through the earth, and He has made them of different types, large rivers, small rivers and some in between.

He has caused them to flow in all directions, east, west, south, north, according to the needs of mankind in different areas and regions, as He has created them throughout the world and sends them their provision according to their needs.وَجَعَلَ لَهَا رَوَاسِىَ(and has placed firm mountains therein, ) means, high mountains which stabilize the earth and make it steadfast, so that it does not shake.وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ حَاجِزاً(and has set a barrier between the two seas) means, He has placed a barrier between the fresh water and the salt water, to prevent them from mixing lest they corrupt one another. Divine wisdom dictates that each of them should stay as it is meant to be. The sweet water is that which flows in rivers among mankind, and it is meant to be fresh and palatable so that it may be used to water animals and plants and fruits.

The salt water is that which surrounds the continents on all sides, and its water is meant to be salty and undrinkable lest the air be corrupted by its smell, as Allah says:وَهُوَ الَّذِى مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ هَـذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَهَـذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخاً وَحِجْراً مَّحْجُوراً (And it is He Who has let free the two seas, this is palatable and sweet, and that is salty and bitter; and He has set a barrier and a complete partition between them.) (25:53) Allah says:أَءِلـهٌ مَّعَ اللهِ(Is there any god with Allah) meaning, any god who could do this, or who deserves to be worshipped Both meanings are indicated by the context.بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ(Nay, but most of them know not!) means, in that they worship others than Allah.

Ma'arif al-Qur'an

Mufti Muhammad Shafi

Commentary

This incident has been related at many places in the Qur'an, especially in Surah Al-A` raf, where its necessary details have been discussed and may be consulted if required.قُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّـهِ (Say,"Praise belongs to Allah - 27:59). After describing some events of the prophets and earlier people, and the episodes of torments they faced, this sentence is addressed to the Holy Prophet ﷺ ، that he should express his gratitude to Allah Ta’ ala, for his followers have been exempted from the punishment in this world. He is further asked to say salam to the earlier prophets and God-fearing persons. Majority of the commentators have adopted this explanation, but some feel that this sentence is also addressed to Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) .

It appears that the expression الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَىٰ (His slaves whom He has chosen - 27:59) is used in this verse for the prophets, like in another verse salam has been addressed to the prophets, وَسَلَامٌ عَلَى الْمُرْ‌سَلِينَ ﴿181﴾ (And salam is on the messengers - 37:181). But Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ is of the opinion that it refers to the companions of the Holy Prophet ﷺ . This explanation is also adopted by Sufyan Ath-Thauri. (Ibn Jarir)If the explanation of Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ عنہما is adopted and the meaning of الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَىٰ - 27:59 is taken for the companions, then there will be a case for saying "Alaihis Salam" to non-prophets also. This subject will be discussed in detail Inshallah under Surah Al-Ahzab for the verse صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا (33:56).

Ruling

This verse also teaches the formalities of an address, a sermon or a lecture, that it should start with the praise of Allah and the salah (durood) and salam to the prophets. This had always been the practice of the Holy Prophet ﷺ in his addresses. His companions also adopted the same practice by commencing not only their addresses but also all the important jobs by praising Allah Ta’ ala and then salah and salam on the Holy Prophet ﷺ '. (Ruh).

Tafsir Muyassar

Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Saudi Arabia

أعبادة ما تشركون بربكم خير أم الذي جعل لكم الأرض مستقرًا وجعل وسطها أنهارًا، وجعل لها الجبال ثوابت، وجعل بين البحرين العذب والملح حاجزًا حتى لا يُفسد أحدهما الآخر؟ أمعبود مع الله فَعَلَ ذلك حتى تشركوه معه في عبادتكم؟ بل أكثر هؤلاء المشركين لا يعلمون قَدْر عظمة الله، فهم يشركون به تقليدًا وظلمًا.

Tafsir Ibn Kathir

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

يقول : ( أمن جعل الأرض قرارا ) أي : قارة ساكنة ثابتة ، لا تميد ولا تتحرك بأهلها ولا ترجف بهم ، فإنها لو كانت كذلك لما طاب عليها العيش والحياة ، بل جعلها من فضله ورحمته مهادا بساطا ثابتة لا تتزلزل ولا تتحرك ، كما قال في الآية الأخرى : ( الله الذي جعل لكم الأرض قرارا والسماء بناء ) [ غافر : 64 ] .( وجعل خلالها أنهارا ) أي : جعل فيها الأنهار العذبة الطيبة تشقها في خلالها ، وصرفها فيها ما بين أنهار كبار وصغار وبين ذلك ، وسيرها شرقا وغربا وجنوبا وشمالا بحسب مصالح عباده في أقاليمهم وأقطارهم حيث ذرأهم في أرجاء الأرض ، سير لهم أرزاقهم بحسب ما يحتاجون إليه ، ( وجعل لها رواسي ) أي : جبالا شامخة ترسي الأرض وتثبتها ; لئلا تميد بكم ( وجعل بين البحرين حاجزا ) أي : جعل بين المياه العذبة والمالحة حاجزا ، أي : مانعا يمنعها من الاختلاط ، لئلا يفسد هذا بهذا وهذا بهذا ، فإن الحكمة الإلهية تقتضي بقاء كل منهما على صفته المقصودة منه ، فإن البحر الحلو هو هذه الأنهار السارحة الجارية بين الناس . والمقصود منها : أن تكون عذبة زلالا يسقى الحيوان والنبات والثمار منها .

والبحار المالحة هي المحيطة بالأرجاء والأقطار من كل جانب ، والمقصود منها : أن يكون ماؤها ملحا أجاجا ، لئلا يفسد الهواء بريحها ، كما قال تعالى : ( وهو الذي مرج البحرين هذا عذب فرات وهذا ملح أجاج وجعل بينهما برزخا وحجرا محجورا ) [ الفرقان : 53 ] ; ولهذا قال : ( أإله مع الله ) أي : فعل هذا ؟ أو يعبد على القول الأول والآخر ؟ وكلاهما متلازم صحيح ، ( بل أكثرهم لا يعلمون ) أي : في عبادتهم غيره .

Tafsir is provided for educational reference. Paragraph breaks are added for readability — the wording of each commentary is unchanged. For religious guidance, consult a qualified scholar.