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Tafsir

Scholarly commentary explaining a verse — its context, its meaning and how the scholars have understood it.

Al-Hajj 22:73

Word by word

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ ضُرِبَ مَثَلٌ فَٱسْتَمِعُوا۟ لَهُۥٓ ۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ لَن يَخْلُقُوا۟ ذُبَابًا وَلَوِ ٱجْتَمَعُوا۟ لَهُۥ ۖ وَإِن يَسْلُبْهُمُ ٱلذُّبَابُ شَيْـًٔا لَّا يَسْتَنقِذُوهُ مِنْهُ ۚ ضَعُفَ ٱلطَّالِبُ وَٱلْمَطْلُوبُ

O people, an example is presented, so listen to it. Indeed, those you invoke besides Allāh will never create [as much as] a fly, even if they gathered together for it [i.e., that purpose]. And if the fly should steal from them a [tiny] thing, they could not recover it from him. Weak are the pursuer and pursued.

Ibn Kathir (Abridged) English Ma'arif al-Qur'an English Tafsir Muyassar Arabic Tafsir Ibn Kathir Arabic All sources

Ibn Kathir (Abridged)

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

The insignificance of the Idols and the foolishness of their Worshippers

Here Allah points out the insignificance of the idols and the foolishness of those who worship them.يأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ضُرِبَ مَثَلٌ(O mankind! A parable has been made,) meaning, a parable of that which is worshipped by those who are ignorant of Allah and who join others as partners with Him.فَاسْتَمِعُواْ لَهُ(so listen to it) pay attention and understand.إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ لَن يَخْلُقُواْ ذُبَاباً وَلَوِ اجْتَمَعُواْ لَهُ(Verily, those on whom you call besides Allah, cannot create a fly, even though they combine together for the purpose.) Even if all the idols and false gods whom you worship were to come together to create a single fly, they would not be able to do that.

Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah recorded the Marfu` report:«وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ خَلَقَ (خَلْقًا) كَخَلْقِي، فَلْيَخْلُقُوا مِثْلَ خَلْقِي ذَرَّةً أَوْ ذُبَابَةً أَوْ حَبَّة»("Who does more wrong than one who tries to create something like My creation Let them create an ant or a fly or a seed like My creation!") This was also recorded by the authors of the Two Sahihs via `Umarah from Abu Zur`ah from Abu Hurayrah, who said that the Prophet said: a«قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ ذَهَبَ يَخْلُقُ كَخَلْقِي، فَلْيَخْلُقُوا ذَرَّةً، فَلْيَخْلُقُوا شَعِيرَة»(Allah says: "Who does more wrong than one who tries to create (something) like My creation Let them create an ant, let them create a grain of barley.") Then Allah says:وَإِن يَسْلُبْهُمُ الذُّبَابُ شَيْئاً لاَّ يَسْتَنقِذُوهُ مِنْهُ(And if the fly snatches away a thing from them, they will have no power to release it from the fly.) They are unable to create a single fly and, moreover, they are unable to resist it or take revenge against it if it were to take anything from the good and perfumed thing on which it lands.

If they wanted to recover that, they would not be able to, even though the fly is the weakest and most insignificant of Allah's creatures. Allah says:ضَعُفَ الطَّالِبُ وَالْمَطْلُوبُ(So weak are the seeker and the sought.) Ibn `Abbas said, "The seeker is the idol and the sought is the fly." This was the view favored by Ibn Jarir, and it is what is apparent from the context.

As-Suddi and others said, "The seeker is the worshipper, and the sought is the idol." Then Allah says:مَا قَدَرُواْ اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ(They have not regarded Allah with His rightful esteem.) meaning, they have not recognized the might and power of Allah when they wor- ship alongside Him those who cannot even ward off a fly, because they are so weak and incapable.إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَقَوِىٌّ عَزِيزٌ(Verily, Allah is All-Strong, All-Mighty.) means, He is the All-Strong Who, by His might and power, created all things.وَهُوَ الَّذِى يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ وَهُوَ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْهِ(And He it is Who originates the creation, then He will repeat it; and this is easier for Him) 30:27إِنَّ بَطْشَ رَبِّكَ لَشَدِيدٌ - إِنَّهُ هُوَ يُبْدِىءُ وَيُعِيدُ (Verily, the punishment of your Lord is severe and painful.

Verily, He it is Who begins and repeats.) 85:12-13إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الرَّزَّاقُ ذُو الْقُوَّةِ الْمَتِينُ (Verily, Allah is the Provider, Owner of power, the Most Strong.) 51:58.عَزِيزٌ(All-Mighty) means, He has subjugated and subdued all things, and there is none that can resist Him or overcome His might and power, and He is the One, the Subduer.

Ma'arif al-Qur'an

Mufti Muhammad Shafi

Commentary

Illustrating the futility of polytheism and idol-worship by citing a parable

Generally the words ضُرِبَ مَثَلُ are used for quoting an incident as an example. However, it is not used here in that sense but the foolishness of idol worship has been illustrated by citing a parable. The infidels are told that the idols from which they seek the gratification of their desires are so utterly helpless that all of them together cannot create a humble thing like a fly. Indeed they cannot even protect the offerings of eatables, which their worshippers bring them daily, against the inroads of flies. Then how can they protect you from any calamity? The stupidity and foolishness of the idol-worshippers has been described at the end of the verse by the words ضَعُفَ الطَّالِبُ وَالْمَطْلُوبُ (Feeble are the invoker and the invoked - 22:73) meaning thereby that if the object of worship is so utterly weak and powerless, those worshipping it must be more so.

Tafsir Muyassar

Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Saudi Arabia

يا أيها الناس ضُرِب مثل فاستمعوا له وتدبروه: إن الأصنام والأنداد التي تعبدونها من دون الله لن تقدر مجتمعة على خَلْق ذبابة واحدة، فكيف بخلق ما هو أكبر؟ ولا تقدر أن تستخلص ما يسلبه الذباب منها، فهل بعد ذلك مِن عَجْز؟ فهما ضعيفان معًا: ضَعُفَ الطالب الذي هو المعبود من دون الله أن يستنقذ ما أخذه الذباب منه، وضَعُفَ المطلوب الذي هو الذباب، فكيف تُتَّخذ هذه الأصنام والأنداد آلهة، وهي بهذا الهوان؟

Tafsir Ibn Kathir

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

يقول تعالى منبها على حقارة الأصنام وسخافة عقول عابديها : ( يا أيها الناس ضرب مثل ) أي : لما يعبده الجاهلون بالله المشركون به ، ( فاستمعوا له ) أي : أنصتوا وتفهموا ، ( إن الذين تدعون من دون الله لن يخلقوا ذبابا ولو اجتمعوا له ) أي : لو اجتمع جميع ما تعبدون من الأصنام والأنداد على أن يقدروا على خلق ذباب واحد ما قدروا على ذلك . كما قال الإمام أحمد .حدثنا أسود بن عامر ، حدثنا شريك ، عن عمارة بن القعقاع ، عن أبي زرعة ، عن أبي هريرة رفع الحديث قال : " ومن أظلم ممن خلق [ خلقا ] كخلقي؟ فليخلقوا مثل خلقي ذرة ، أو ذبابة ، أو حبة " .وأخرجه صاحبا الصحيح ، من طريق عمارة ، عن أبي زرعة ، عن أبي هريرة ، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال : قال الله عز وجل : " ومن أظلم ممن ذهب يخلق كخلقي؟ فليخلقوا ذرة ، فليخلقوا شعيرة " .ثم قال تعالى أيضا : ( وإن يسلبهم الذباب شيئا لا يستنقذوه منه ) أي : هم عاجزون عن خلق ذباب واحد ، بل أبلغ من ذلك عاجزون عن مقاومته والانتصار منه ، لو سلبها شيئا من الذي عليها من الطيب ، ثم أرادت أن تستنقذه منه لما قدرت على ذلك . هذا والذباب من أضعف مخلوقات الله وأحقرها ولهذا [ قال : ( ضعف الطالب والمطلوب ) ] .قال ابن عباس : الطالب : الصنم ، والمطلوب : الذباب .

واختاره ابن جرير ، وهو ظاهر السياق . وقال السدي وغيره : الطالب : العابد ، والمطلوب : الصنم .

Tafsir is provided for educational reference. Paragraph breaks are added for readability — the wording of each commentary is unchanged. For religious guidance, consult a qualified scholar.