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13 Jumada al-awwal 1448 AH Saturday, 24 October 2026
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Scholarly commentary explaining a verse — its context, its meaning and how the scholars have understood it.

At-Tawbah 9:83

Word by word

فَإِن رَّجَعَكَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَىٰ طَآئِفَةٍ مِّنْهُمْ فَٱسْتَـْٔذَنُوكَ لِلْخُرُوجِ فَقُل لَّن تَخْرُجُوا۟ مَعِىَ أَبَدًا وَلَن تُقَـٰتِلُوا۟ مَعِىَ عَدُوًّا ۖ إِنَّكُمْ رَضِيتُم بِٱلْقُعُودِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ فَٱقْعُدُوا۟ مَعَ ٱلْخَـٰلِفِينَ

If Allāh should return you to a faction of them [after the expedition] and then they ask your permission to go out [to battle], say, "You will not go out with me, ever, and you will never fight with me an enemy. Indeed, you were satisfied with sitting [at home] the first time, so sit [now] with those who stay behind."

Ibn Kathir (Abridged)

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

Hypocrites are barred from participating in Jihad

Allah commands His Messenger, peace be upon him, فَإِن رَّجَعَكَ اللَّهُ(If Allah brings you back), from this battle, إِلَى طَآئِفَةٍ مِّنْهُمْ(to a party of them) in reference to the twelve (hypocrite) men, according to Qatadah, فَاسْتَأْذَنُوكَ لِلْخُرُوجِ(and they ask your permission to go out), with you to another battle, فَقُلْ لَّن تَخْرُجُواْ مَعِىَ أَبَدًا وَلَن تُقَـتِلُواْ مَعِىَ عَدُوًّا(say: "Never shall you go out with me nor fight an enemy with me...") as an admonishment and punishment for them. Allah mentioned the reason for this decision, إِنَّكُمْ رَضِيتُمْ بِالْقُعُودِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ("You were pleased to sit (inactive) on the first occasion...") Allah said in a similar Ayah, وَنُقَلِّبُ أَفْئِدَتَهُمْ وَأَبْصَـرَهُمْ كَمَا لَمْ يُؤْمِنُواْ بِهِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ(And We shall turn their hearts and their eyes away (from guidance), as they refused to believe therein for the first time. ) 6:110 The recompense of an evil deed includes being directed to follow it with another evil deed, while the reward of a good deed includes being directed to another good deed after it.

For instance, Allah said concerning the `Umrah of Hudaybiyyah, سَيَقُولُ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ إِذَا انطَلَقْتُمْ إِلَى مَغَانِمَ لِتَأْخُذُوهَا(Those who lagged behind will say, when you set forth to take the spoils.)48:15 Allah said next, فَاقْعُدُواْ مَعَ الْخَـلِفِينَ("...then you sit (now) with those who lag behind.") in reference to the men who lagged behind from Tabuk battle, according to Ibn `Abbas.

Ma'arif al-Qur'an

Mufti Muhammad Shafi

The statement: لَّن تَخْرُ‌جُوا (Ian takhruju ... you shall never march) in the second verse (83) has been explained by Maulana Ashraf ` Ali Thanavi (رح) in the summary of his Tafsir Bay-an a1-Qur'an. According to him, ` even if these people intend to participate in a future Jihad, they would get out of it when they want to, under one or the other pretext; and since they do not have faith in their heart, their intention too will not be backed by sincerity. Therefore, the Holy Prophet ﷺ was commanded that, even if they want to take part in a Jihad, he should tell them the truth that he does not trust their word and deed. So, they would neither go for Jihad nor fight an enemy of Islam in his company.'Most of the commentators have said that this injunction has been enforced as their punishment in the present world, that is, even if they themselves were to make a request that they be allowed to take part in Jihad, even then, they should not be allowed to do that.

Tafsir Muyassar

Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Saudi Arabia

فإنْ رَدَّك الله -أيها الرسول- مِن غزوتك إلى جماعة من المنافقين الثابتين على النفاق، فاستأذنوك للخروج معك إلى غزوة أخرى بعد غزوة (تبوك) فقل لهم: لن تخرجوا معي أبدًا في غزوة من الغزوات، ولن تقاتلوا معي عدوًا من الأعداء; إنكم رضيتم بالقعود أول مرة، فاقعدوا مع الذين تخلفوا عن الجهاد مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم.

Tafsir Ibn Kathir

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

يقول تعالى آمرا لرسوله عليه الصلاة والسلام ( فإن رجعك الله ) أي : ردك الله من غزوتك هذه ( إلى طائفة منهم ) قال قتادة : ذكر لنا أنهم كانوا اثني عشر رجلا ( فاستأذنوك للخروج ) أي : معك إلى غزوة أخرى ، ( فقل لن تخرجوا معي أبدا ولن تقاتلوا معي عدوا ) أي : تعزيرا لهم وعقوبة . ثم علل ذلك بقوله : ( إنكم رضيتم بالقعود أول مرة ) وهذا كقوله تعالى : ( ونقلب أفئدتهم وأبصارهم كما لم يؤمنوا به أول مرة ) [ الأنعام : 110 ] فإن من جزاء السيئة السيئة بعدها كما أن من ثواب الحسنة الحسنة بعدها ، كما قال في عمرة الحديبية : ( سيقول المخلفون إذا انطلقتم إلى مغانم لتأخذوها ذرونا نتبعكم يريدون أن يبدلوا كلام الله قل لن تتبعونا كذلكم قال الله من قبل ) [ الفتح : 15 ] .وقوله تعالى : ( فاقعدوا مع الخالفين ) قال ابن عباس : أي الرجال الذين تخلفوا عن الغزاة . وقال قتادة : ( فاقعدوا مع الخالفين ) أي : مع النساء .قال ابن جرير : وهذا لا يستقيم ؛ لأن جمع النساء لا يكون بالياء والنون ، ولو أريد النساء لقال : فاقعدوا مع الخوالف ، أو الخالفات ، ورجح قول ابن عباس ، رضي الله عنهما .

Tafsir is provided for educational reference. Paragraph breaks are added for readability — the wording of each commentary is unchanged. For religious guidance, consult a qualified scholar.