Tafsir

أَوَ عَجِبْتُمْ("Do you wonder..."), do not wonder because of this. Surely, it is not strange that Allah sends down revelation to a man among you as mercy, kindness and compassion for you, so that he warns you that you may avoid Allah's torment by associating none with Him, وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ("and that you may receive (His) mercy.") Allah said, فَكَذَّبُوهُ(But they belied him) but they insisted on rejecting and opposing him, and only a few of them believed in him, as Allah stated in another Ayah. Allah said next, فَأَنجَيْنَـهُ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ فِي الْفُلْكِ(So We saved him and those along with him in the Fulk) the ark, وَأَغْرَقْنَا الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَايَـتِنَآ(And We drowned those who belied Our Ayat. ) Allah said in another Ayah, مِّمَّا خَطِيئَـتِهِمْ أُغْرِقُواْ فَأُدْخِلُواْ نَاراً فَلَمْ يَجِدُواْ لَهُمْ مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ أَنصَاراً (Because of their sins they were drowned, then they were admitted into the Fire.

And they found none to help them instead of Allah.) 71:25 Allah said, إِنَّهُمْ كَانُواْ قَوْماً عَمِينَ(They were indeed a blind people.) meaning, blind from the Truth, unable to recognize it or find their way to it. Here, Allah said that He has taken revenge from His enemies and saved His Messenger and those who believed in him, while destroying their disbelieving enemies. Allah said in a another Ayah, إِنَّا لَنَنصُرُ رُسُلَنَا(Verily, We will indeed make victorious Our Messengers) 40:51. This is Allah's Sunnah (way) with His servants, in this life and the Hereafter, that the good end, victory and triumph is for those who fear Him. For example, Allah destroyed the people of Nuh, and saved Nuh and his believing followers. Ibn Wahb said that he was told that Ibn `Abbas said that eighty men were saved with Nuh in the ship, one of them was Jurhum, who spoke Arabic. Ibn Abi Hatim collected this statement, which was also narrated with a continuous chain of narration from Ibn `Abbas.

It was said: فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَنجَيْنَاهُ وَالَّذِينَ مَعَهُ فِي الْفُلْكِ وَأَغْرَ‌قْنَا الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا ۚ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا قَوْمًا عَمِينَ ﴿64﴾ (Then, they belied him [ ignoring his good counsel totally ], so [ as a consequence ], we saved him, and those with him in the Ark, and drowned those who had belied Our signs. Certainly, they were a blind people).

The story of Sayyidna Nuh (علیہ السلام) and the full account of the drowning of his people and the deliverance of the people in the Ark appears in Surah Hud and Surah Nuh. Given at this place is its gist as appropriate to the occasion. Sayyidna Zayd ibn Aslam رحمۃ اللہ علیہ says: When the punishment of Flood overtook the people of Sayyidna Nuh (علیہ السلام) they were at the prime of their population and power. The lands and mountains of Iraq were becoming insufficient for their rising numbers. It should be kept in mind that it is a customary practice of Allah Ta` ala since ever that He would keep granting respite to the dis-obedient. He would send His punishment over them at a time when they have reached the highest peak of their numbers, power and wealth, and become, so to say, drunk with this state of their life. (Ibn Kathir)As for the number of people in the Ark of Sayyidna Nuh (علیہ السلام) ، reports differ. Ibn Kathir, through a narration of Ibn Abi Hatim, reports from Sayyidna ` Abdullah ibn ` Abbas ؓ that there were eighty people. One of them was called Jurhum.

He spoke Arabic. (Ibn Kathir)Some narrations have given the detail that there were forty men and forty women in the Ark. After the Flood, the place in Mosul, Iraq where they came to stay became known as Thamanun (eighty).

To sum up, the introduction of a brief account of Sayyidna Nuh (علیہ السلام) at this place aims to tell us three things: (1) That the da'wah of all past prophets and their basic articles of faith were one. (2) That Allah Ta` ala supports his appointed messengers in strikingly wondrous ways when they would not have the least danger to their security even after having been surrounded by a Flood rising as high as the peaks of mountains. (3) Then, it was made absolutely clear that belying the noble prophets of Allah, may peace be upon them, amounted to inviting Divine punishment. The warning is still valid. So, let it not be forgotten that the way past communities were overtaken by punishment because of their belying of the prophets, a similar fate could overtake their modern counterparts - on this count, they could do better by not becoming heedless and fear-free.

فكذبوا نوحًا فأنجيناه ومَن آمن معه في السفينة، وأغرقنا الكفار الذين كذبوا بحججنا الواضحة. إنهم كانوا عُمْيَ القلوب عن رؤية الحق.

قال الله تعالى : ( فكذبوه ) أي : فتمادوا على تكذيبه ومخالفته ، وما آمن معه منهم إلا قليل ، كما نص عليه في موضع آخر ، ( فأنجيناه والذين معه في الفلك ) وهي السفينة ، كما قال : ( فأنجيناه وأصحاب السفينة ) [ العنكبوت : 15 ] ( وأغرقنا الذين كذبوا بآياتنا ) كما قال : ( مما خطيئاتهم أغرقوا فأدخلوا نارا فلم يجدوا لهم من دون الله أنصارا ) [ نوح : 25 ]وقوله : ( إنهم كانوا قوما عمين ) أي : عن الحق ، لا يبصرونه ولا يهتدون له .فبين تعالى في هذه القصة أنه انتقم لأوليائه من أعدائه ، وأنجى رسوله والمؤمنين ، وأهلك أعداءهم من الكافرين ، كما قال تعالى : ( إنا لننصر رسلنا [ والذين آمنوا في الحياة الدنيا ويوم يقوم الأشهاد يوم لا ينفع الظالمين معذرتهم ولهم اللعنة ] ولهم سوء الدار ) [ غافر : 51 ، 52 ]وهذه سنة الله في عباده في الدنيا والآخرة ، أن العاقبة للمتقين والظفر والغلب لهم ، كما أهلك قوم نوح [ عليه السلام ] بالغرق ونجى نوحا وأصحابه المؤمنين .قال مالك ، عن زيد بن أسلم : كان قوم نوح قد ضاق بهم السهل والجبل .وقال عبد الرحمن بن زيد بن أسلم : ما عذب الله قوم نوح عليه السلام إلا والأرض ملأى بهم ، وليس بقعة من الأرض إلا ولها مالك وحائز .وقال ابن وهب : بلغني عن ابن عباس : أنه نجا مع نوح عليه السلام في السفينة ثمانون رجلا أحدهم " جرهم " ، وكان لسانه عربيا .رواهن ابن أبي حاتم .

وقد روي هذا الأثر الأخير من وجه آخر متصلا عن ابن عباس ، رضي الله عنهما .