Tafsir

Allah is the Ever Living, Free of all Need

Allah states that all the residents of earth will perish and die. The residents of the heavens will die, except whomever Allah wills. Only Allah's Honorable Face will remain, because our Lord, the Exalted, the Blessed, is the Ever Living Who never dies. Qatadah said, "First, Allah mentioned His creatures and then He said that all of this will perish." And in the reported supplication: `O You the Ever Living Who sustains all that exists! O You Who created the heavens and the earth without precedence. O You, Who Owns the glory and the honor, none has the right to be worshipped except You. We seek refuge with Your mercy. Grant Us success in all of our matters.

Please, do not abandon us to rely on ourselves even for an instant nor on any of Your creation." Ash-Sha`bi said, "When you have recited,كُلُّ مَنْ عَلَيْهَا فَانٍ (Whatsoever is on it (the earth) will perish.) do not stop, continue reading,وَيَبْقَى وَجْهُ رَبِّكَ ذُو الْجَلْـلِ وَالإِكْرَامِ (And the Face of your Lord Dhul-Jalal wal-Ikram will remain forever.)" This Ayah is similar to Allah's statement,كُلُّ شَىْءٍ هَالِكٌ إِلاَّ وَجْهَهُ(Everything will perish save His Face.)(28:88) In this Ayah, Allah describes His Noble Face as being Dhul-Jalal wal-Ikram, indicating that He is Worthy of being revered, and thus, never defied; and obeyed, and thus, never disobeyed,وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِىِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ(And keep yourself patiently with those who call on their Lord morning and afternoon, seeking His Face.)(18:28), And as He said about those giving charity:إِنَّمَا نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ(We feed you seeking Allah's Face only.)(76:9) Ibn `Abbas commented on the meaning of Dhul-Jalal wal-Ikram, by saying, "Owner of greatness and pride." After Allah stated that all of the inhabitants of the earth will die and end up in the Hereafter when He, Dhul-Jalal wal-Ikram, will judge them by His fair judgement, He said,فَبِأَىِّ ءَالاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (Then which of the blessings of your Lord will you both deny) Allah said,يَسْأَلُهُ مَن فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ هُوَ فِى شَأْنٍ (Whosoever is in the heavens and on the earth begs of Him.

Every day He is (engaged) in some affair.) In this Ayah, Allah affirms that He is Rich, Free of all wants for anyone else and that all creatures stand in need of Him, in all conditions and situations. They all seek His help willingly or unwillingly. Everyday, He is engaged in some affair. Al-A`mash reported from Mujahid, from `Ubayd bin `Umayr,كُلَّ يَوْمٍ هُوَ فِى شَأْنٍ(Every day He is (engaged) in some affair.) He said, "Of His affairs is that He answers the supplicant, or gives to the one requesting, or removing adversity, or cures the one seeking to be cured."

Allah is the Ever-living, Free of all Needكُلُّ مَنْ عَلَيْهَا فَانٍ وَيَبْقَىٰ وَجْهُ رَ‌بِّكَ ذُو الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَ‌امِ (Everyone who lives on it (the earth) has to perish, and your Lord's Countenance will remain, full of majesty, full of honour...55:26-27). The attached pronoun [ it ] refers to اَلاَرض al-ard [ the earth ] which has been explicitly mentioned antecedently in verse [ 10] وَالْأَرْ‌ضَ وَضَعَهَا لِلْأَنَامِ (And the earth is placed by Him for creatures). Furthermore, 'the earth' is one of those general things that can be referred to by a pronoun even if they are not mentioned explicitly as an antecedent. Verse [ 26] means that man and jinn that dwell on the earth are subject to decay and death. Jinn and man have specifically been singled out in this verse, because in this Surah these two species of Allah's creation are mainly addressed. This, however, does not necessarily imply that the heaven and the celestial beings are not perishable.

In fact, on another occasion in the Qur'an Allah has stated in general terms: كُلُّ شَيْءٍ هَالِكٌ إِلَّا وَجْهَهُ (Everything is going to perish except His Face). (28:88)

كل مَن على وجه الأرض مِن الخلق هالك، ويبقى وجه ربك ذو العظمة والكبرياء والفضل والجود. وفي الآية إثبات صفة الوجه لله تعالى بما يليق به سبحانه، دون تشبيه ولا تكييف.

يخبر تعالى أن جميع أهل الأرض سيذهبون ويموتون أجمعون ، وكذلك أهل السماوات إلا من شاء الله ، ولا يبقى أحد سوى وجهه الكريم ; فإن الرب - تعالى وتقدس - لا يموت ، بل هو الحي الذي لا يموت أبدا .قال قتادة : أنبأ بما خلق ، ثم أنبأ أن ذلك كله كان .وفي الدعاء المأثور : يا حي ، يا قيوم ، يا بديع السماوات والأرض ، يا ذا الجلال والإكرام ، لا إله إلا أنت ، برحمتك نستغيث ، أصلح لنا شأننا كله ، ولا تكلنا إلى أنفسنا طرفة عين ، ولا إلى أحد من خلقك .وقال الشعبي : إذا قرأت ( كل من عليها فان ) ، فلا تسكت حتى تقرأ : ( ويبقى وجه ربك ذو الجلال والإكرام ) .وهذه الآية كقوله تعالى : ( كل شيء هالك إلا وجهه ) [ القصص : 88 ] ، وقد نعت تعالى وجهه الكريم في هذه الآية الكريمة بأنه ( ذو الجلال والإكرام ) أي : هو أهل أن يجل فلا يعصى ، وأن يطاع فلا يخالف ، كقوله : ( واصبر نفسك مع الذين يدعون ربهم بالغداة والعشي يريدون وجهه ) [ الكهف : 28 ] ، وكقوله إخبارا عن المتصدقين : ( إنما نطعمكم لوجه الله ) [ الإنسان : 9 ]قال ابن عباس : ( ذو الجلال والإكرام ) ذو العظمة والكبرياء .ولما أخبر عن تساوي أهل الأرض كلهم في الوفاة ، وأنهم سيصيرون إلى الدار الآخرة ، فيحكم فيهم ذو الجلال والإكرام بحكمه العدل