Ibn Kathir (Abridged)
Hafiz Ibn KathirThe Idolators' admission that Allah is the Sole Creator, and Further Evidence of that
Allah says: `If you, O Muhammad, were to ask these idolators who associate others with Allah and worship others besides Him,'مَّنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ خَلَقَهُنَّ الْعَزِيزُ الْعَلِيمُ("Who has created the heavens and the earth" They will surely say: "The All-Mighty, the All-Knower created them.") In other words, they will admit that the Creator of all that is Allah Alone, with no partner or associate, yet they still worship others -- idols and false gods -- alongside Him.الَّذِى جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الاٌّرْضَ مَهْداً(Who has made for you the earth like a bed,) means, smooth, stable and firm, so that you can travel about in it, and stand on it and sleep and walk about, even though it is created above water, but He has strengthened it with the mountains, lest it should shake.وَجَعَلَ لَكُمْ فِيهَا سُبُلاً(and has made for you roads therein,) means, paths between the mountains and the valleys.لَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ(in order that you may find your way.) means, in your journeys from city to city, region to region, land to land.وَالَّذِى نَزَّلَ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً بِقَدَرٍ(And Who sends down water from the sky in due measure, ) means, according to what is sufficient for your crops, fruits and drinking water for yourselves and your cattle.فَأَنشَرْنَا بِهِ بَلْدَةً مَّيْتاً(then We revive a dead land therewith,) means, a barren land, for when the water comes to it, it is stirred (to life), and it swells and puts forth every lovely kind (of growth).
By referring to the revival of the earth, Allah draws attention to how He will bring bodies back to life on the Day of Resurrection, after they have been dead.كَذَلِكَ تُخْرَجُونَ(and even so you will be brought forth.) Then Allah says:وَالَّذِى خَلَقَ الأَزْوَجَ كُلَّهَا(And Who has created all the pairs) meaning, of everything that grows in the earth, all kinds of plants, crops, fruits, flowers, etc., and all different kinds of animals.وَجَعَلَ لَكُمْ مِّنَ الْفُلْكِ(and has appointed for you ships) or vessels,وَالاٌّنْعَـمِ مَا تَرْكَبُونَ(and cattle on which you ride.) means, He has subjugated them to you and made it easy for you to eat their meat, drink their milk and ride on their backs.
Allah says:لِتَسْتَوُواْ عَلَى ظُهُورِهِ(In order that you may mount on their backs, ) meaning, sit comfortably and securely,عَلَى ظُهُورِهِ(on their backs) means, on the backs of these kinds of animals.ثُمَّ تَذْكُرُواْ نِعْمَةَ رَبِّكُمْ(and then may remember the favor of your Lord) means, whereby these animals are subjugated to you.إِذَا اسْتَوَيْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَتَقُولُواْ سُبْحَـنَ الَّذِى سَخَّرَ لَنَا هَـذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لَهُ مُقْرِنِينَ(when you mount thereon, and say: "Glory to Him Who has subjected this to us, and we could have never had it.") means, if it were not for the fact that Allah has subjugated these things to us, we could never have done this by our own strength.' Ibn `Abbas, Qatadah, As-Suddi and Ibn Zayd said: "We could not have done this ourselves."وَإِنَّآ إِلَى رَبِّنَا لَمُنقَلِبُونَ (And verily, to Our Lord we indeed are to return.) means, `We will return to Him after our death, and our ultimate destination is with Him.' In this Ayah, mention of earthly journeys draws attention to the journey of the Hereafter, just as elsewhere, mention of earthly provision draws attention to the importance of ensuring provision for the Hereafter, as Allah says:وَتَزَوَّدُواْ فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الزَّادِ التَّقْوَى(And take a provision (with you) for the journey, but the best provision is the Taqwa) (2:197).
And mention of earthly garments is also used to draw attention to the raiment of the Hereafter:وَرِيشًا وَلِبَاسُ التَّقْوَى ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ(and as an adornment; and the raiment of the Taqwa, that is better) (7:26).