Tafsir

يقَوْمِ إِنِّى أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِّثْلَ يَوْمِ الاٌّحْزَابِ(O my people! Verily, I fear for you an end like that day (of disaster) of the groups (of old)!) meaning, those of the earlier nations who disbelieved the Messengers of Allah, such as the people of Nuh, `Ad, Thamud and the disbelieving nations who came after them, how the punishment of Allah came upon them and they had no one to protect them or ward off that punishment.وَمَا اللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ظُلْماً لِّلْعِبَادِ(And Allah wills no injustice for (His) servants.) means, Allah destroyed them for their sins and for their disbelief in and rejection of His Messengers; this was His command and His decree concerning them that was fulfilled. Then he said:وَيقَوْمِ إِنِّى أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَوْمَ التَّنَادِ(And, O my people! Verily, I fear for you the Day when there will be mutual calling.) meaning, the Day of Resurrection.يَوْمَ تُوَلُّونَ مُدْبِرِينَ(A Day when you will turn your backs and flee) means, running away.كَلاَّ لاَ وَزَرَ - إِلَى رَبِّكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْمُسْتَقَرُّ(No! There is no refuge!

Unto your Lord will be the place of rest that Day.) (75:11-12) Allah says:مَا لَكُمْ مِّنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ عَاصِمٍ(having no protector from Allah.) meaning, `you will have no one to protect you from the punishment and torment of Allah.'وَمَن يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِنْ هَادٍ(And whomsoever Allah sends astray, for him there is no guide.) means, whomever Allah sends astray will have no other guide except Him. Allah's saying:وَلَقَدْ جَآءَكُـمْ يُوسُفُ مِن قَبْلُ بِالْبَيِّنَـتِ(And indeed Yusuf came to you, in times gone by, with clear signs,) refers to the people of Egypt. Allah sent a Messenger to them before the time of Musa, peace be upon him, in the person of Yusuf, peace be upon him, who attained a high position in the government of the people of Egypt. He was a Messenger who called his people to Allah with justice, but they did not obey him in matters of worshipping Allah, they only obeyed him in worldly matters that pertained to his position in the government.

Allah says:فَمَا زِلْتُمْ فِى شَكٍّ مِّمَّا جَآءَكُـمْ بِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا هَلَكَ قُلْتُمْ لَن يَبْعَثَ اللَّهُ مِن بَعْدِهِ رَسُولاً(but you ceased not to doubt in that which he brought to you, till when he died, you said: "No Messenger will Allah send after him.") means, `you despaired, and said by way of wishful thinking,'لَن يَبْعَثَ اللَّهُ مِن بَعْدِهِ رَسُولاً(No Messenger will Allah send after him.) This was because of their disbelief and rejection (of the Messengers).كَذَلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ هُوَ مُسْرِفٌ مُّرْتَابٌ(Thus Allah leaves astray him who is a transgressor and a skeptic. ) means, this is the state of the one whom Allah sends astray because of his sinful actions and the doubts in his heart.الَّذِينَ يُجَـدِلُونَ فِى ءَايَـتِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ سُلْطَـنٍ أَتَـهُمْ(Those who dispute about the Ayat of Allah, without any authority that has come to them,) means, those who attempt to refute truth with falsehood and who dispute the proof without evidence or proof from Allah, Allah will hate them with the utmost loathing.

Allah says:كَبُرَ مَقْتاً عِندَ اللَّهِ وَعِندَ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ(it is greatly hateful and disgusting to Allah and to those who believe.) meaning, the believers too will despise those who are like this, and whoever is like this, Allah will put a seal on his heart so that after that he will not acknowledge anything good or denounce anything evil. Allah says:كَذَلِكَ يَطْبَعُ اللَّهُ عَلَى كُـلِّ قَلْبِ مُتَكَبِّرٍ(Thus does Allah seal up the heart of every arrogant.) meaning, so that they cannot follow the truth.جَبَّارٍ(tyrant.)

In verse 35, it was said: كَذَٰلِكَ يَطْبَعُ اللَّـهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ قَلْبِ مُتَكَبِّرٍ‌ جَبَّارٍ‌ (That is how Allah stamps a seal on the entire heart of an arrogant tyrant), that is, the way the hearts of Pharaoh and Haman remained unaffected by the good counsel of Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) and the believer from the House of Pharaoh, similarly, Allah Ta’ ala cancels out or puts a seal on the heart of every such person who is arrogant and tyrannical (someone proud and arrogant, someone unjust and oppressive). When this happens, the effect is that the light of faith does not enter that heart, and one is rendered unable to distinguish between good and bad. In one قِرَأت (qira'ah: rendition of the Qur'an), the words for 'arrogant' and 'tyrant' have been identified as attributes of the heart for the reason that the heart is the reservoir of all morals and deeds. Every deed, good or bad, is born in the heart.

Therefore, it has been said in Hadith that there is a piece of flesh (heart) in the human body which, when it works right, it makes the whole body work right, and when it goes bad, it makes the whole body go bad. (Qurtubi)

الذين يخاصمون في آيات الله وحججه لدفعها من غير أن يكون لديهم حجة مقبولة، كَبُر ذلك الجدال مقتًا عند الله وعند الذين آمنوا، كما خَتَم بالضلال وحَجَبَ عن الهدى قلوب هؤلاء المخاصمين، يختم الله على قلب كل مستكبر عن توحيد الله وطاعته، جبار بكثرة ظلمه وعدوانه.

ثم قال : ( الذين يجادلون في آيات الله بغير سلطان أتاهم ) أي : الذين يدفعون الحق بالباطل ، ويجادلون الحجج بغير دليل وحجة معهم من الله ، فإن الله يمقت على ذلك أشد المقت ; ولهذا قال تعالى : ( كبر مقتا عند الله وعند الذين آمنوا ) أي : والمؤمنون أيضا يبغضون من تكون هذه صفته ، فإن من كانت هذه صفته ، يطبع الله على قلبه ، فلا يعرف بعد ذلك معروفا ، ولا ينكر منكرا ; ولهذا قال : ( كذلك يطبع الله على كل قلب متكبر ) أي : على اتباع الحق ) جبار ) .وروى ابن أبي حاتم عن عكرمة - وحكي عن الشعبي - أنهما قالا : لا يكون الإنسان جبارا حتى يقتل نفسين .وقال أبو عمران الجوني وقتادة : آية الجبابرة القتل بغير حق .