Tafsir

Musa and Harun

Allah tells us how He blessed Musa and Harun with prophethood and how He saved them, along with those who believed, from the oppression of Fir`awn and his people, who had persecuted them by killing their sons and sparing their women, and by forcing them to do the most menial tasks, then ultimately He caused them to prevail over them and to seize their lands and their wealth and all that they had spent their entire lives amassing. Then Allah revealed to Musa the Clear and Mighty Book, which is the Tawrah, as Allah says:وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى وَهَـرُونَ الْفُرْقَانَ وَضِيَآءً(And indeed We granted to Musa and Harun the criterion (of right and wrong), and a shining light) (21:48). And Allah says here:وَءَاتَيْنَـهُمَا الْكِتَـبَ الْمُسْتَبِينَ - وَهَدَيْنَـهُمَا الصِّرَطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ (And We gave them the clear Scripture; and guided them to the right path.) meaning, with regard to words and deeds.وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِمَا فِى الاٌّخِرِينَ (And We left for them among the later generations.) means, that after they died they would be mentioned in good terms and spoken of highly.

Then Allah explain this further:سَلَـمٌ عَلَى مُوسَى وَهَـرُونَ إِنَّا كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ إِنَّهُمَا مِنْ عِبَادِنَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (Salam (peace!) be upon Musa and Harun! Verily, thus do We reward the doers of good. Verily, they were two of Our believing servants.)وَإِنَّ إِلْيَاسَ لَمِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ - إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ أَلاَ تَتَّقُونَ - أَتَدْعُونَ بَعْلاً وَتَذَرُونَ أَحْسَنَ الْخَـلِقِينَ - اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ وَرَبَّ ءَابَآئِكُمُ الاٌّوَّلِينَ - فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمُحْضَرُونَ إِلاَّ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ

Commentary

Described in the verses cited above is the third event relating to Sayyidna Musa (علیہ السلام) and Harun (علیہ السلام) . It has appeared in details at several places. Here it serves as an indicator. The purpose is to tell how Allah Ta’ ala helps out His sincere and obedient servants, and how He bestows so many of His rewards on them. Mentioned here are His favors bestowed upon Sayyidna Musa علیہ السلام and Harun (علیہ السلام) . These favors are of two kinds. First come positive favors that bring benefits as in: وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ وَهَارُ‌ونَ (And We did bestow favors upon Musa (علیہ السلام) and Harun (علیہ السلام) - 37:114). This points out towards those beneficial favors. Then there are negative favors that save from loss or harm. Later verses spell out details of the other kind.

ولقد مننَّا على موسى وهارون بالنبوة والرسالة، ونجيناهما وقومهما من الغرق، وما كانوا فيه من عبودية ومَذلَّة.

يذكر تعالى ما أنعم به على موسى وهارون من النبوة والنجاة بمن آمن معهما من قهر فرعون وقومه ، وما كان يعتمده في حقهم من الإساءة العظيمة ، من قتل الأبناء واستحياء النساء ، واستعمالهم في أخس الأشياء . ثم بعد هذا كله نصرهم عليهم ، وأقر أعينهم منهم ، فغلبوهم وأخذوا أرضهم وأموالهم وما كانوا جمعوه طول حياتهم . ثم أنزل الله على موسى الكتاب العظيم الواضح الجلي المستبين ، وهو التوراة ، كما قال تعالى : ( ولقد آتينا موسى وهارون الفرقان وضياء ) [ الأنبياء : 48 ] .