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13 Jumada al-awwal 1448 AH Saturday, 24 October 2026
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Scholarly commentary explaining a verse — its context, its meaning and how the scholars have understood it.

Al-Baqarah 2:90

Word by word

بِئْسَمَا ٱشْتَرَوْا۟ بِهِۦٓ أَنفُسَهُمْ أَن يَكْفُرُوا۟ بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ بَغْيًا أَن يُنَزِّلَ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِۦ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِۦ ۖ فَبَآءُو بِغَضَبٍ عَلَىٰ غَضَبٍ ۚ وَلِلْكَـٰفِرِينَ عَذَابٌ مُّهِينٌ

How wretched is that for which they sold themselves - that they would disbelieve in what Allāh has revealed through [their] outrage that Allāh would send down His favor upon whom He wills from among His servants. So they returned having [earned] wrath upon wrath. And for the disbelievers is a humiliating punishment.

Ibn Kathir (Abridged)

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

Mujahid said, بِئْسَمَا اشْتَرَوْاْ بِهِ أَنفُسَهُمْ(How bad is that for which they have sold their own selves), "The Jews sold the truth for falsehood and hid the truth about Muhammad ." As-Suddi said that the Ayah, بِئْسَمَا اشْتَرَوْاْ بِهِ أَنفُسَهُمْ(How bad is that for which they have sold their own selves) means, "The Jews sold themselves." meaning, what is worse is what they chose for themselves by disbelieving in what Allah revealed to Muhammad instead of believing, aiding and supporting him. This behavior of theirs is the result of their injustice, envy and hatred, أَن يُنَزِّلُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ عَلَى مَن يَشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ(grudging that Allah should reveal of His grace unto whom He wills of His servants). " There is no envy worse than this. Therefore, فَبَآءُو بِغَضَبٍ عَلَى غَضَبٍ(So they have drawn on themselves wrath upon wrath).

Ibn `Abbas commented on this Ayah, "Allah became angry with them because they ignored some of the Tawrah and disbelieved in the Prophet that He sent to them." I (Ibn Kathir) say that the meaning of, بَاءُوا(And they drew on themselves) is that they deserved and acquired multiplied anger. Also, Abu Al-`Aliyah said, "Allah became angry with them, because of their disbelief in the Injil and `Isa and He became angry with them again, because they disbelieved in Muhammad and the Qur'an." Similar was said by `Ikrimah and Qatadah. Allah said, وَلِلْكَـفِرِينَ عَذَابٌ مُّهِينٌ(And for the disbelievers, there is disgracing torment). Since their disbelief was a result of their transgression and envy, which was caused by arrogance, they were punished with disgrace and humiliation in this world and the Hereafter. Similarly, Allah said, إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِى سَيَدْخُلُونَ جَهَنَّمَ دَخِرِينَ(Verily, those who scorn My worship (i.e.

do not invoke Me, and do not believe in My Oneness) they will surely enter Hell in humiliation!") (40:60) meaning, "Disgraced, degraded and humiliated." Imam Ahmad narrated that `Amr bin Shu`ayb said that his father said that his grandfather said that the Prophet said, «يُحْشَرُ الْمُتَكَبِّرُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَمْثَالَ الذَّرِّ فِي صُوَرِ النَّاسِ، يَعْلُوهُمْ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الصِّغَارِ حَتَّى يَدْخُلُوا سِجْنًا فِي جَهَنَّمَ يُقَالُ لَهُ. بَوْلَسُ تَعْلُوهُمْ نَارُ الْأَنْيَارِ يُسْقَونَ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْخَبَالِ عُصَارَةِ أَهْلِ النَّار»(The arrogant people will be gathered on the Day of Resurrection in the size of ants, but in the shape of men. Everything shall be above them, because of the humiliation placed on them, until they enter a prison in Jahannam called `Bawlas' where the fire will surround them from above. They shall drink from the puss of the people of the Fire.)

Ma'arif al-Qur'an

Mufti Muhammad Shafi

Prophethood cannot be earned through one's own efforts or one's own merit; it is a special grace which Allah bestows on whomsoever He likes. But the Jews were so envious and malicious that they denied the Holy Prophet ﷺ and the Holy Qur'an out of sheer spite. In doing so, they were questioning the will of Allah Himself. Thus, they earned divine wrath in two ways - firstly, for denying a true prophet; and secondly؛ for their envy and malice.

The Holy Qur'an says that the Jews will have to undergo a punishment which would involve not only pain, but also disgrace and abasement. The latter condition has been added to suggest that this kind of punishment is peculiar to the infidels, and is not meant for a true Muslim at all, for a Muslim, no matter how great his sins are, will be punished for the purpose of being purified, not for being disgraced.

The next verse reports what the Jews used to say with regard to the Holy Qur'an, which clearly shows their envy and malice as well as their infidelity (Kufr کفر).

Tafsir Muyassar

Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Saudi Arabia

قَبُحَ ما اختاره بنو إسرائيل لأنفسهم; إذ استبدلوا الكفر بالإيمان ظلمًا وحسدًا لإنزال الله من فضله القرآن على نبي الله ورسوله محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، فرجعوا بغضب من الله عليهم بسبب جحودهم بالنبي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، بعد غضب الله كذلك عليهم بسبب تحريفهم التوراة. وللجاحدين نبوَّة محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم عذابٌ يذلُّهم ويخزيهم.

Tafsir Ibn Kathir

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

قال مجاهد : ( بئسما اشتروا به أنفسهم ) يهود شروا الحق بالباطل ، وكتمان ما جاء به محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم بأن يبينوه .وقال السدي : ( بئسما اشتروا به أنفسهم ) يقول : باعوا به أنفسهم ، يعني : بئسما اعتاضوا لأنفسهم ورضوا به [ وعدلوا إليه من الكفر بما أنزل الله على محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى تصديقه ومؤازرته ونصرته ] .وإنما حملهم على ذلك البغي والحسد والكراهية ( أن ينزل الله من فضله على من يشاء من عباده ) ولا حسد أعظم من هذا .قال ابن إسحاق عن محمد ، عن عكرمة أو سعيد ، عن ابن عباس : ( بئسما اشتروا به أنفسهم أن يكفروا بما أنزل الله بغيا أن ينزل الله من فضله على من يشاء من عباده ) أي : إن الله جعله من غيرهم ( فباءوا بغضب على غضب ) قال ابن عباس : فالغضب على الغضب ، فغضبه عليهم فيما كانوا ضيعوا من التوراة وهي معهم ، وغضب بكفرهم بهذا النبي الذي أحدث الله إليهم .قلت : ومعنى ( باءوا ) استوجبوا ، واستحقوا ، واستقروا بغضب على غضب .

وقال أبو العالية : غضب الله عليهم بكفرهم بالإنجيل وعيسى ، ثم غضب عليهم بكفرهم بمحمد ، وبالقرآن عليهما السلام ، [ وعن عكرمة وقتادة مثله ] .قال السدي : أما الغضب الأول فهو حين غضب عليهم في العجل ، وأما الغضب الثاني فغضب عليهم حين كفروا بمحمد صلى الله عليه وسلم [ وعن ابن عباس مثله ] .وقوله : ( وللكافرين عذاب مهين ) لما كان كفرهم سببه البغي والحسد ، ومنشأ ذلك التكبر ، قوبلوا بالإهانة والصغار في الدنيا والآخرة ، كما قال تعالى : ( إن الذين يستكبرون عن عبادتي سيدخلون جهنم داخرين ) [ غافر : 60 ] ، [ أي : صاغرين حقيرين ذليلين راغمين ] .وقد قال الإمام أحمد : حدثنا يحيى ، حدثنا ابن عجلان ، عن عمرو بن شعيب ، عن أبيه ، عن جده ، عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال : " يحشر المتكبرون يوم القيامة أمثال الذر في صور الناس ، يعلوهم كل شيء من الصغار حتى يدخلوا سجنا في جهنم ، يقال له : بولس فيعلوهم نار الأنيار يسقون من طينة الخبال : عصارة أهل النار " .

Tafsir is provided for educational reference. Paragraph breaks are added for readability — the wording of each commentary is unchanged. For religious guidance, consult a qualified scholar.